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General Reflectance

Let $ R(s)$ denote a general impedance. Then the wave variable decomposition in (L.8) gives

$\displaystyle F(s)$ $\displaystyle =$ $\displaystyle R(s) V(s)$ (L.14)
$\displaystyle \,\,\Rightarrow\,\,F^{+}(s) + F^{-}(s)$ $\displaystyle =$ $\displaystyle R(s) \left[V^{+}(s) + V^{-}(s)\right]$ (L.15)
  $\displaystyle =$ $\displaystyle R(s) \left[\frac{F^{+}(s) - F^{-}(s)}{R_0}\right]$ (L.16)
$\displaystyle \,\,\Rightarrow\,\,F^{-}(s) \left[\frac{R(s)}{R_0}+1\right]$ $\displaystyle =$ $\displaystyle F^{+}(s) \left[\frac{R(s)}{R_0}-1\right]$ (L.17)
$\displaystyle \,\,\Rightarrow\,\,F^{-}(s)$ $\displaystyle =$ $\displaystyle F^{+}(s) \left[\frac{R(s)-R_0}{R(s)+R_0}\right]$ (L.18)
  $\displaystyle \isdef$ $\displaystyle F^{+}(s) S(s)$ (L.19)

Formally, $ S(s)$ is the reflectance of impedance $ R(s)$ relative to $ R_0$. For example, if a transmission line with characteristic impedance $ R_0$ were terminated in a lumped impedance $ R(s)$, the reflection