Spectral Models

As discussed in [456], spectral models are inspired by the mechanics of hearing. Typically they are based on the Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT), but there are also signal models, such as Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) whose success derives from how well they match spectral characteristics of hearing [456]. Additionally, Frequency-Modulation (FM) synthesis is typically developed by tweaking FM parameters to match short-term audio spectra [82]. Other well known signal models rooted in the spectral point of view include the phase vocoder, additive synthesis, and so-called spectral modeling synthesis [456].

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About the Author: Julius Orion Smith III
Julius Smith's background is in electrical engineering (BS Rice 1975, PhD Stanford 1983). He is presently Professor of Music and Associate Professor (by courtesy) of Electrical Engineering at Stanford's Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA), teaching courses and pursuing research related to signal processing applied to music and audio systems. See http://ccrma.stanford.edu/~jos/ for details.