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See Also

Embedded SystemsFPGAElectronics

Spectral Audio Signal Processing
    A History of Spectral Audio Signal Processing
       Frequency Modulation (FM) Synthesis
          FM Harmonic Amplitudes (Bessel Functions)

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FM Harmonic Amplitudes (Bessel Functions)

FM bandwidth expands as the modulation index $ \beta $ is increased Harmonic number $ k$, FM index $ \beta $, as shown in Fig.H.9. That is, as $ \beta $ is increased, more power appears in the sidebands, at the expense of the fundamental.

Figure: Bessel functions of the first kind for a range of orders (harmonic numbers) $ k$ and argument (FM index) $ \beta $ (from [248]).
\includegraphics[width=\twidth]{eps/bessel}

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About the Author: Julius Orion Smith III
Julius Smith's background is in electrical engineering (BS Rice 1975, PhD Stanford 1983). He is presently Professor of Music and Associate Professor (by courtesy) of Electrical Engineering at Stanford's Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA), teaching courses and pursuing research related to signal processing applied to music and audio systems. See http://ccrma.stanford.edu/~jos/ for details.


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