Clipping Nonlinearity
A simple example of a noninvertible (many-to-one) memoryless nonlinearity is the clipping nonlinearity, well known to anyone who records or synthesizes audio signals. In normalized form, the clipping nonlinearity is defined by
![$\displaystyle f(x) = \left\{\begin{array}{ll} -1, & x\leq -1 \\ [5pt] x, & -1 \leq x \leq 1 \\ [5pt] 1, & x\geq 1 \\ \end{array} \right. \protect$](http://www.dsprelated.com/josimages_new/pasp/img1514.png)
Since the clipping nonlinearity abruptly transitions from linear to hard-clipped in a non-invertible, heavily aliasing manner, it is usually desirable to use some form of soft-clipping before entering the hard-clipping range.
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Arctangent Nonlinearity
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Extension to Stiff Strings
