Frequency Response
Given the transfer function , the frequency response is obtained by evaluating it on the unit circle in the complex plane, i.e., by setting , where is the sampling interval in seconds, and is radian frequency:4.3
In the special case , we obtain
When , the frequency response is a ratio of cosines in times a linear phase term (which corresponds to a pure delay of samples). This special case gives insight into the behavior of the filter as its coefficients and approach 1.
When , the filter degenerates to which corresponds to ; in this case, the delayed input and output signals cancel each other out. As a check, let's verify this in the time domain:
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