"KK" <kewlkarun@yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:c8fd5039.0410311354.5327152e@posting.google.com...
> "Mike Yarwood" <mpyarwood@btopenworld.com> wrote in message
news:<cm2va7$34f$1@sparta.btinternet.com>...
> > "KK" <kewlkarun@yahoo.com> wrote in message
> > news:c8fd5039.0410301757.20fbd03d@posting.google.com...
> > > Greetings,
> > >   Consider the scalar complex random variable w ~ CN(0; 1) (CN is
> > > complex normal distribution) has i.i.d. real and imaginary components
> > > each distributed as N(0; 1/2). The magnitude of w is Rayleigh
> > > distributed as follows
> > >                      f(r)=r*exp(-r^2/2) r>=0
> > >   I am trying to generate sequence of numbers which follow above
> > > distribution using two approaches, viz, using envelope of CN & using
> > > raylrnd function.
> > > My question is why are the following sequences DO NOT have the same
> > > statistics?
> > >
> > > 1. raylrnd(1,1,N))
> > > 2. abs(sqrt(0.5)*(randn(1,N)+j*randn(1,N)))
> > >
> > > where N is a big number (say 100000).
> > > I checked that the mean values of the above sequences do not match.
> > > There is some obvious mistake I am doing ... I dont know what?
> > > Any help is appreciated and critisms are well received.
> > > Thanks.
> > > -KK
> >
> > You might want to take the square root of the power of your complex
noise
> > rather than the abs value - also check that you haven't inadvertently
> > defined j to be something other than square root of -1 before you
generate
> > the noise. I haven't got raylrnd() but
> > env=sqrt(abs(randn(1,N)+i*randn(1,N)).^2/2) should do the job I hope.
> > Best of luck - Mike
>
> Hi,
>    Square root of the power of the complex noise is its absolute
> value. I dont know why Mike introduced the factor 1/2 in the
> calculation of envelope. The matter is still unresolved for raylrnd
> function calculates
>                          b*sqrt(Xreal^2+Xim^2)
> where 'b' is the parameter as defined in raylrnd function and X is a
> sample of a complex normal distribution.
> Should not the factor be "b/sqrt(2)" instead of "b" in the above
> calculation?
> Thanks for your time,
> KK

Hi KK - I see what you mean , I introduced the factor 1/2 into the envelope
calculation because when you put two orthogonal  normally distributed sets
of values to gether , each having zero mean and standard deviation = 1 then
the power of the complex noise that you get is =2. Assuming that you wanted
it normalised w.r.t. a signal power of one so that you can later scale it
conveniently you need to divide by two. This certainly seems to be
equivalent to you taking the absolute value and dividing by square root of
two, I've just never done it that way. It looks as though your 'b' is a
convenient scaling factor and I have no idea why mathworks chose not to use
b/sqrt(2) as , at least in my opinion, this would be an even more convenient
scaling factor. Have you tried posting in comp.soft-sys.matlab?
Best of luck - Mike

"Mike Yarwood" <mpyarwood@btopenworld.com> wrote in message news:<cm2va7$34f$1@sparta.btinternet.com>...
> "KK" <kewlkarun@yahoo.com> wrote in message
> news:c8fd5039.0410301757.20fbd03d@posting.google.com...
> > Greetings,
> >   Consider the scalar complex random variable w ~ CN(0; 1) (CN is
> > complex normal distribution) has i.i.d. real and imaginary components
> > each distributed as N(0; 1/2). The magnitude of w is Rayleigh
> > distributed as follows
> >                      f(r)=r*exp(-r^2/2) r>=0
> >   I am trying to generate sequence of numbers which follow above
> > distribution using two approaches, viz, using envelope of CN & using
> > raylrnd function.
> > My question is why are the following sequences DO NOT have the same
> > statistics?
> >
> > 1. raylrnd(1,1,N))
> > 2. abs(sqrt(0.5)*(randn(1,N)+j*randn(1,N)))
> >
> > where N is a big number (say 100000).
> > I checked that the mean values of the above sequences do not match.
> > There is some obvious mistake I am doing ... I dont know what?
> > Any help is appreciated and critisms are well received.
> > Thanks.
> > -KK
> 
> You might want to take the square root of the power of your complex noise
> rather than the abs value - also check that you haven't inadvertently
> defined j to be something other than square root of -1 before you generate
> the noise. I haven't got raylrnd() but
> env=sqrt(abs(randn(1,N)+i*randn(1,N)).^2/2) should do the job I hope.
> Best of luck - Mike

Hi,
   Square root of the power of the complex noise is its absolute
value. I dont know why Mike introduced the factor 1/2 in the
calculation of envelope. The matter is still unresolved for raylrnd
function calculates
                         b*sqrt(Xreal^2+Xim^2) 
where 'b' is the parameter as defined in raylrnd function and X is a
sample of a complex normal distribution.
Should not the factor be "b/sqrt(2)" instead of "b" in the above
calculation?
Thanks for your time,
KK

Lars Ljung <larslj@kthkth.se> wrote in message news:<F81hd.3027$up1.1668@text.news.blueyonder.co.uk>...
> KK wrote:
> > 1. raylrnd(1,1,N)) 
> > 2. abs(sqrt(0.5)*(randn(1,N)+j*randn(1,N)))
> > 
> > where N is a big number (say 100000).
> > I checked that the mean values of the above sequences do not match.
> > There is some obvious mistake I am doing ... I dont know what?
> > Any help is appreciated and critisms are well received.
> 
> If you want to know how a Matlab function is implemented you can always 
> try "type raylrnd", this shows the raylrnd.m file. Compare this with 
> your implementation.
> 
> Lars

Greetings,
   I should have checked their implementation before. Raylrnd function
implements "abs(randn(1,N)+j*randn(1,N))" for sigma =1 instead of
abs(sqrt(0.5)*(randn(1,N)+j*randn(1,N))). I am not theoritically
strong at this point, but I would suspect that it could be a bug.
   Wireless communications gurus - could you please comment who is
correct?
Regards,
Karunakar

"KK" <kewlkarun@yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:c8fd5039.0410301757.20fbd03d@posting.google.com...
> Greetings,
>   Consider the scalar complex random variable w ~ CN(0; 1) (CN is
> complex normal distribution) has i.i.d. real and imaginary components
> each distributed as N(0; 1/2). The magnitude of w is Rayleigh
> distributed as follows
>                      f(r)=r*exp(-r^2/2) r>=0
>   I am trying to generate sequence of numbers which follow above
> distribution using two approaches, viz, using envelope of CN & using
> raylrnd function.
> My question is why are the following sequences DO NOT have the same
> statistics?
>
> 1. raylrnd(1,1,N))
> 2. abs(sqrt(0.5)*(randn(1,N)+j*randn(1,N)))
>
> where N is a big number (say 100000).
> I checked that the mean values of the above sequences do not match.
> There is some obvious mistake I am doing ... I dont know what?
> Any help is appreciated and critisms are well received.
> Thanks.
> -KK

You might want to take the square root of the power of your complex noise
rather than the abs value - also check that you haven't inadvertently
defined j to be something other than square root of -1 before you generate
the noise. I haven't got raylrnd() but
env=sqrt(abs(randn(1,N)+i*randn(1,N)).^2/2) should do the job I hope.
Best of luck - Mike

KK wrote:
> 1. raylrnd(1,1,N)) 
> 2. abs(sqrt(0.5)*(randn(1,N)+j*randn(1,N)))
> 
> where N is a big number (say 100000).
> I checked that the mean values of the above sequences do not match.
> There is some obvious mistake I am doing ... I dont know what?
> Any help is appreciated and critisms are well received.

If you want to know how a Matlab function is implemented you can always 
try "type raylrnd", this shows the raylrnd.m file. Compare this with 
your implementation.

Lars

Greetings,
  Consider the scalar complex random variable w ~ CN(0; 1) (CN is
complex normal distribution) has i.i.d. real and imaginary components
each distributed as N(0; 1/2). The magnitude of w is Rayleigh
distributed as follows
                     f(r)=r*exp(-r^2/2) r>=0
  I am trying to generate sequence of numbers which follow above
distribution using two approaches, viz, using envelope of CN & using
raylrnd function.
My question is why are the following sequences DO NOT have the same
statistics?

1. raylrnd(1,1,N)) 
2. abs(sqrt(0.5)*(randn(1,N)+j*randn(1,N)))

where N is a big number (say 100000).
I checked that the mean values of the above sequences do not match.
There is some obvious mistake I am doing ... I dont know what?
Any help is appreciated and critisms are well received.
Thanks.
-KK