I'm simulating an OFDM transceiver to be later converted and implemented on a C6713 DSK. I'm currently facing a problem with the simulation and i'm at my wits end trying to figure out what is wrong. Thus i'm really hoping you guys can lend me some help otherwise i can't proceed anymore... Here are 2 pictures of my OFDM simlation in Simulink. Pic1 is the model with the convolutional encoder, viterbi decoder, BPSK mod & demod and the OFDM transceiver. Pic2 is without the encoder/decoder (both pics size <50k) Pic1 http://geocities.com/antonio_magma/public/pic1.gif Pic2 http://geocities.com/antonio_magma/public/pic2.gif I'm generating 12 bits in a frame (Pic1) and encode with the 1/2 convolutional encoder with its default setting "poly2trellis(7, [171 133])", the 24 complex numbers generated by BPSK are placed on to the carrier bins with symmetric conjugate and are padded in this format: (64 IFFT) 1(DC) 2~5(0) 6~29(data) 30~32(0) 33(Nyquist,0) 34~36(0) 37~60(conjugate data) 61~64(0) The "Input is conjugate symmetric" parameter in the IFFT block is ticked so that it'll produce at real output. Then a 16 sample cyclic prefix is added, producing a 80 sample output. At the receiver, the inverse is performed. At the remove zero padding block, only the samples 6~29 are fed through since 37~60 is the complex conjugate and are useless. Then it is demodulated and decoded with Viterbi decoder having the same parameter "poly2trellis(7, [171 133])" with a traceback depth of 35 (since based on Simulink's help, it says if coding is 1/2 then the traceback depth is about x5 of the constaint length which in this case is 7). The decision type is set to Hard Decision instead of Unquantized bcoz if i use unquantized, i would need an extra Unipolar to Bipolar converter which is not necessary. As you can see, i'm getting a BER of 0.5. However, when i tried removing the convolutional encoder and Viterbi decoder, set the Bernoulli to output 24 bits (so that Tx & Rx will be the same). I get zero errors! Which should mean that my OFDM tranceivers are working correctly. I have properly set the receiver delay parameter in the Error rate calculation block, 35 with the decoders and 0 without them. I've checked the output of every single block and noticed that when i place the encoder/decoders, i get 35 zeros at the output of Viterbi (due to the traceback path), then the corrected bits. The first 12 bits are exactly the same as produced by the Bernoulli binary generator, however the rest after that 12 bits contains many errors! That's why i'm getting 0.5 BER. But the question is why is my Viterbi producing such an output? Please help, i can't proceed anymore if i can't figure this out...i'm this close to killing myself PS: I've attached my OFDM model in Simulink for reference. http://geocities.com/antonio_magma/public/ofdm.zip
OFDM Simulink problem, SOS!
Started by ●December 6, 2005
Reply by ●December 6, 20052005-12-06
Hi Antonio,> But the question is why is my Viterbi producing such an output? Please > help, i can't > proceed anymore if i can't figure this out...i'm this close to killing > myself > > PS: I've attached my OFDM model in Simulink for reference. > http://geocities.com/antonio_magma/public/ofdm.zipPlease don't go jumping off a trellis or anything - I'm sure you're pretty close! I've forwarded your model to some comms engineers here. Good idea placing the Simulink model on your web page... --Don "Ant_Magma" <vcteo1@gmail.com> wrote in message news:1133915900.964903.25450@f14g2000cwb.googlegroups.com...> I'm simulating an OFDM transceiver to be later converted and > implemented on a C6713 DSK. > I'm currently facing a problem with the simulation and i'm at my wits > end trying to figure > out what is wrong. Thus i'm really hoping you guys can lend me some > help otherwise i can't > proceed anymore... > > Here are 2 pictures of my OFDM simlation in Simulink. Pic1 is the model > with the > convolutional encoder, viterbi decoder, BPSK mod & demod and the OFDM > transceiver. Pic2 is without the encoder/decoder > > (both pics size <50k) > Pic1 > http://geocities.com/antonio_magma/public/pic1.gif > > Pic2 > http://geocities.com/antonio_magma/public/pic2.gif > > I'm generating 12 bits in a frame (Pic1) and encode with the 1/2 > convolutional encoder with > its default setting "poly2trellis(7, [171 133])", the 24 complex > numbers generated by BPSK > are placed on to the carrier bins with symmetric conjugate and are > padded in this format: > > (64 IFFT) > 1(DC) 2~5(0) 6~29(data) 30~32(0) 33(Nyquist,0) 34~36(0) 37~60(conjugate > data) 61~64(0) > > The "Input is conjugate symmetric" parameter in the IFFT block is > ticked so that it'll > produce at real output. Then a 16 sample cyclic prefix is added, > producing a 80 sample > output. > > At the receiver, the inverse is performed. At the remove zero padding > block, only the > samples 6~29 are fed through since 37~60 is the complex conjugate and > are useless. Then it is demodulated and decoded with Viterbi decoder > having the same parameter "poly2trellis(7, [171 133])" with a traceback > depth of 35 (since based on Simulink's help, it says if coding is 1/2 > then the traceback depth is about x5 of the constaint length which in > this case is 7). > > The decision type is set to Hard Decision instead of Unquantized bcoz > if i use unquantized, > i would need an extra Unipolar to Bipolar converter which is not > necessary. > > As you can see, i'm getting a BER of 0.5. However, when i tried > removing the convolutional > encoder and Viterbi decoder, set the Bernoulli to output 24 bits (so > that Tx & Rx will be > the same). I get zero errors! Which should mean that my OFDM > tranceivers are working > correctly. I have properly set the receiver delay parameter in the > Error rate calculation > block, 35 with the decoders and 0 without them. > > I've checked the output of every single block and noticed that when i > place the > encoder/decoders, i get 35 zeros at the output of Viterbi (due to the > traceback path), then > the corrected bits. The first 12 bits are exactly the same as produced > by the Bernoulli > binary generator, however the rest after that 12 bits contains many > errors! That's why i'm > getting 0.5 BER. > > But the question is why is my Viterbi producing such an output? Please > help, i can't > proceed anymore if i can't figure this out...i'm this close to killing > myself > > PS: I've attached my OFDM model in Simulink for reference. > http://geocities.com/antonio_magma/public/ofdm.zip >
Reply by ●December 6, 20052005-12-06
The problem is mixed sample times in the OFDM frame assembly (which causes the Error Rate Calculation block to compare data signals with different sample rates). In the DSP Constant blocks "DC" and "Nyquist", set the frame period to inf. The model will then use a single frame rate. --Martin Clark, Comms Development, The MathWorks "Don Orofino" <dorofino@verizon.net> wrote in message news:I5slf.3290$605.2831@trndny09...> Hi Antonio, > >> But the question is why is my Viterbi producing such an output? Please >> help, i can't >> proceed anymore if i can't figure this out...i'm this close to killing >> myself >> >> PS: I've attached my OFDM model in Simulink for reference. >> http://geocities.com/antonio_magma/public/ofdm.zip > > Please don't go jumping off a trellis or anything - I'm sure you're pretty > close! I've forwarded your model to some comms engineers here. Good idea > placing the Simulink model on your web page... > > --Don > > > "Ant_Magma" <vcteo1@gmail.com> wrote in message > news:1133915900.964903.25450@f14g2000cwb.googlegroups.com... >> I'm simulating an OFDM transceiver to be later converted and >> implemented on a C6713 DSK. >> I'm currently facing a problem with the simulation and i'm at my wits >> end trying to figure >> out what is wrong. Thus i'm really hoping you guys can lend me some >> help otherwise i can't >> proceed anymore... >> >> Here are 2 pictures of my OFDM simlation in Simulink. Pic1 is the model >> with the >> convolutional encoder, viterbi decoder, BPSK mod & demod and the OFDM >> transceiver. Pic2 is without the encoder/decoder >> >> (both pics size <50k) >> Pic1 >> http://geocities.com/antonio_magma/public/pic1.gif >> >> Pic2 >> http://geocities.com/antonio_magma/public/pic2.gif >> >> I'm generating 12 bits in a frame (Pic1) and encode with the 1/2 >> convolutional encoder with >> its default setting "poly2trellis(7, [171 133])", the 24 complex >> numbers generated by BPSK >> are placed on to the carrier bins with symmetric conjugate and are >> padded in this format: >> >> (64 IFFT) >> 1(DC) 2~5(0) 6~29(data) 30~32(0) 33(Nyquist,0) 34~36(0) 37~60(conjugate >> data) 61~64(0) >> >> The "Input is conjugate symmetric" parameter in the IFFT block is >> ticked so that it'll >> produce at real output. Then a 16 sample cyclic prefix is added, >> producing a 80 sample >> output. >> >> At the receiver, the inverse is performed. At the remove zero padding >> block, only the >> samples 6~29 are fed through since 37~60 is the complex conjugate and >> are useless. Then it is demodulated and decoded with Viterbi decoder >> having the same parameter "poly2trellis(7, [171 133])" with a traceback >> depth of 35 (since based on Simulink's help, it says if coding is 1/2 >> then the traceback depth is about x5 of the constaint length which in >> this case is 7). >> >> The decision type is set to Hard Decision instead of Unquantized bcoz >> if i use unquantized, >> i would need an extra Unipolar to Bipolar converter which is not >> necessary. >> >> As you can see, i'm getting a BER of 0.5. However, when i tried >> removing the convolutional >> encoder and Viterbi decoder, set the Bernoulli to output 24 bits (so >> that Tx & Rx will be >> the same). I get zero errors! Which should mean that my OFDM >> tranceivers are working >> correctly. I have properly set the receiver delay parameter in the >> Error rate calculation >> block, 35 with the decoders and 0 without them. >> >> I've checked the output of every single block and noticed that when i >> place the >> encoder/decoders, i get 35 zeros at the output of Viterbi (due to the >> traceback path), then >> the corrected bits. The first 12 bits are exactly the same as produced >> by the Bernoulli >> binary generator, however the rest after that 12 bits contains many >> errors! That's why i'm >> getting 0.5 BER. >> >> But the question is why is my Viterbi producing such an output? Please >> help, i can't >> proceed anymore if i can't figure this out...i'm this close to killing >> myself >> >> PS: I've attached my OFDM model in Simulink for reference. >> http://geocities.com/antonio_magma/public/ofdm.zip >> > >
Reply by ●December 7, 20052005-12-07
Bless you Don :D Thx 4 ur reply Martin..... I've did noticed the different sample colors in my model but i didn't thought much about it. You mentioned:>In the DSP Constant blocks "DC" and "Nyquist", set the frame >period to inf. The model will then use a single frame rate.Did u mean sample time? I can't find any 'frame period' parameter in the Constant parameters (I'm looking at the 'constant' help at mathworks.com, the computer i'm using now doesnt have matlab) And do i need to set the Output paramter to 'Frame-based'? Since i'm operating on a column vector and in my Bernoulli i've set it to output 12 bits/frame?
Reply by ●December 7, 20052005-12-07
Bless you Don :D Thx 4 ur reply Martin..... I've did noticed the different sample colors in my model but i didn't thought much about it. You mentioned:>In the DSP Constant blocks "DC" and "Nyquist", set the frame >period to inf. The model will then use a single frame rate.I've checked the help for Constant at mathworks.com. I have to set the Output to 'Frame-based' then Sample time will change to Frame period... Since i dun have matlab in this computer, i'll try it when i get back and feedback the results later... Another question, why set it to inf? Since my bernoulli produces 12 bits/frame, why not set it to 12 instead of inf?
Reply by ●December 7, 20052005-12-07
I may be using a different version of Simulink and so the prompts might vary. In any case, the sample time of a constant block must be consistent with the source (via sample time or frame period). You can set it explicitly, but that can sometimes be an awkward calculation for complex systems. An easier way with constants is to use inf. This will be compatible with any other sample time. "Ant_Magma" <vcteo1@gmail.com> wrote in message news:1133936245.849953.268760@g47g2000cwa.googlegroups.com...> Bless you Don :D > > Thx 4 ur reply Martin..... > I've did noticed the different sample colors in my model but i didn't > thought much about it. You mentioned: > >>In the DSP Constant blocks "DC" and "Nyquist", set the frame >>period to inf. The model will then use a single frame rate. > > I've checked the help for Constant at mathworks.com. I have to set the > Output to 'Frame-based' then Sample time will change to Frame period... > > Since i dun have matlab in this computer, i'll try it when i get back > and feedback the results later... > > Another question, why set it to inf? Since my bernoulli produces 12 > bits/frame, why not set it to 12 instead of inf? >
Reply by ●December 7, 20052005-12-07
It's solved!! Thx martin for the tip, the model is now working. I have another series of questions, hope you don't mind.... I've now included the Puncture and Insert Zero block to my model to obtain a better code rate of 3/4. However, this has lead into another problem. As i have mentioned before, my Viterbi decoder is set to Hard decision. Hard decision works based on 0s & 1s. When i included the puncture pair, again i get 0.5 BER. However, if i change the decision type in my Viterbi to Unquantized and add a Unipolar to Biploar Converter (since unquantized viterbi works on -1 n 1) before the Insert Zero block, it works perfectly. I was wondering is there any way to work around the problem? meaning without using the bipolar converter? 2nd Q: I obtained somewhere from the help in Simulink that for a 3/4 code rate the optimum puncture vector is [110110].' correct? Based on your experience, is there any optimum parameter for interleaving? rows & columns (i plan to add interleaving after i've figure out the puncturing) I've noticed in the Simulink demos (both HiperLAN2 & WLAN802.11a) which involves OFDM, interleaving is done twice using the Matrix interleaver and the General block interleaver. Is it just a choice or preference? Or is there a specific reason to it? And if so, how do i choose the Elements for the General block interleaver? Sorry for the barrage of questions....really appreaciate u guy's help...
Reply by ●December 7, 20052005-12-07
It's solved!! Thx martin for the tip, the model is now working. I have another series of questions, hope you don't mind.... I've now included the Puncture and Insert Zero block to my model to obtain a better code rate of 3/4. However, this has lead into another problem. As i have mentioned before, my Viterbi decoder is set to Hard decision. Hard decision works based on 0s & 1s. When i included the puncture pair, again i get 0.5 BER. However, if i change the decision type in my Viterbi to Unquantized and add a Unipolar to Biploar Converter (since unquantized viterbi works on -1 n 1) before the Insert Zero block, it works perfectly. I was wondering is there any way to work around the problem? meaning without using the bipolar converter? 2nd Q: I obtained somewhere from the help in Simulink that for a 3/4 code rate the optimum puncture vector is [110110].' correct? Based on your experience, is there any optimum parameter for interleaving? rows & columns (i plan to add interleaving after i've figure out the puncturing) I've noticed in the Simulink demos (both HiperLAN2 & WLAN802.11a) which involves OFDM, interleaving is done twice using the Matrix interleaver and the General block interleaver. Is it just a choice or preference? Or is there a specific reason to it? And if so, how do i choose the Elements for the General block interleaver? Sorry for the barrage of questions....really appreaciate u guy's help...
Reply by ●December 7, 20052005-12-07
It's solved!! Thx martin for the tip, the model is now working. I have another series of questions, hope you don't mind.... I've now included the Puncture and Insert Zero block to my model to obtain a better code rate of 3/4. However, this has lead into another problem. As i have mentioned before, my Viterbi decoder is set to Hard decision. Hard decision works based on 0s & 1s. When i included the puncture pair, again i get 0.5 BER. However, if i change the decision type in my Viterbi to Unquantized and add a Unipolar to Biploar Converter (since unquantized viterbi works on -1 n 1) before the Insert Zero block, it works perfectly. I was wondering is there any way to work around the problem? meaning without using the bipolar converter? 2nd Q: I obtained somewhere from the help in Simulink that for a 3/4 code rate the optimum puncture vector is [110110].' correct? Based on your experience, is there any optimum parameter for interleaving? rows & columns (i plan to add interleaving after i've figure out the puncturing) I've noticed in the Simulink demos (both HiperLAN2 & WLAN802.11a) which involves OFDM, interleaving is done twice using the Matrix interleaver and the General block interleaver. Is it just a choice or preference? Or is there a specific reason to it? And if so, how do i choose the Elements for the General block interleaver? Sorry for the barrage of questions....really appreaciate u guy's help...
Reply by ●December 7, 20052005-12-07
It's solved!! Thx martin for the tip, the model is now working. I have another series of questions, hope you don't mind.... I've now included the Puncture and Insert Zero block to my model to obtain a better code rate of 3/4. However, this has lead into another problem. As i have mentioned before, my Viterbi decoder is set to Hard decision. Hard decision works based on 0s & 1s. When i included the puncture pair, again i get 0.5 BER. However, if i change the decision type in my Viterbi to Unquantized and add a Unipolar to Biploar Converter (since unquantized viterbi works on -1 n 1) before the Insert Zero block, it works perfectly. I was wondering is there any way to work around the problem? meaning without using the bipolar converter? 2nd Q: I obtained somewhere from the help in Simulink that for a 3/4 code rate the optimum puncture vector is [110110].' correct? Based on your experience, is there any optimum parameter for interleaving? rows & columns (i plan to add interleaving after i've figure out the puncturing) I've noticed in the Simulink demos (both HiperLAN2 & WLAN802.11a) which involves OFDM, interleaving is done twice using the Matrix interleaver and the General block interleaver. Is it just a choice or preference? Or is there a specific reason to it? And if so, how do i choose the Elements for the General block interleaver? Sorry for the barrage of questions....really appreaciate u guy's help...
