please give us suggestion of this post OSI Layer

The International Standards Organization (ISO)

OSI
LAYERS

The International Standards Organization (ISO) has
defined a standard called the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference
model. This is a seven layer architecture listed below. Each layer is
considered to be responsible for a different part of the communications. This
concept was developed to accommodate changes in technology. The layers are
arranged here from the lower levels starting with the physical (hardware) to
the higher levels.
 
•          
Application
•          
Presentation
•          
Session
•          
Transport
•          
Network
•          
Data Link
•          
Physical
 
Application Layer
•          
Serves as a window for applications to access network services.
•          
Handles general network access, flow control and error recovery.
 
Presentation Layer
•          
Determines the format used to exchange data among the networked computers.
•          
Translates data from a format from the Application layer into an intermediate
format.
•          
Responsible for protocol conversion, data translation, data encryption, data
compression, character conversion, and graphics expansion.
•          
Redirector operates at this level.
 
Session Layer
•          
Allows two applications running on different computers to establish use and end
a connection called a Session.
•          
Performs name recognition and security.
•          
Provides synchronization by placing checkpoints in the data stream.
•          
Implements dialog control between communicating processes.
 
Transport Layer
•          
Responsible for packet creation.
•          
Provides an additional connection level beneath the Session layer.
•          
Ensures that packets are delivered error free, in sequence with no losses or
duplications.
•          
Unpacks, reassembles and sends receipt of messages at the receiving end.
•          
Provides flow control, error handling, and solves transmission problems.
 
Network Layer
•          
Responsible for addressing messages and translating logical addresses and names
into physical addresses.
•          
Determines the route from the source to the destination computer.
•          
Manages traffic such as packet switching, routing and controlling the
congestion of data.
 
Data Link Layer
•          
Sends data frames from the Network layer to the Physical layer.
•          
Packages raw bits into frames for the Network layer at the receiving end.
•          
Responsible for providing error free transmission of frames through the
Physical layer.
 
Physical Layer
•          
Transmits the unstructured raw bit stream over a physical medium.
•          
Relates the electrical, optical mechanical and functional interfaces to the
cable.
•          
Defines how the cable is attached to the network adapter card.
•          
Defines data encoding and bit synchronization
 
 
Please give us some suggestions of  OSI Layer how to apply

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Peter,

Many current and resent sources on the net suggest that the OSI model
is now long dead and could serve at most as an educational example.
It never has got to a practical implementation for some reasons.
I guess that you can still download the OSI standard docs.

Its layer model, although not in the fullest, with some of the layers
omitted, is inherited by the TCP-IP protocol, so you might want to begin
with the latter protocol. There is a bunch of other protocols out there,
like ethernet, which mimics to some degree some of the OSI layers.

HTH,

Andrew

> Subject: please give us suggestion of this post OSI Layer
> Posted by: "Peter Lops" p...@yahoo.com peterlops
> Date: Sat Apr 14, 2012 8:12 pm ((PDT))
>
> The International Standards Organization (ISO)
>
> OSI
> LAYERS
>
> The International Standards Organization (ISO) has
> defined a standard called the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference
> model. This is a seven layer architecture listed below. Each layer is
> considered to be responsible for a different part of the communications. This
> concept was developed to accommodate changes in technology. The layers are
> arranged here from the lower levels starting with the physical (hardware) to
> the higher levels.
>
?? •
?? Application
> •
?? Presentation
> •
?? Session
> •
?? Transport
> •
?? Network
> •
?? Data Link
> •
?? Physical
>
?? Application Layer
> •
?? Serves as a window for applications to access network services.
> •
?? Handles general network access, flow control and error recovery.
>
?? Presentation Layer
> •
?? Determines the format used to exchange data among the networked computers.
> •
?? Translates data from a format from the Application layer into an intermediate
> format.
> •
?? Responsible for protocol conversion, data translation, data encryption, data
> compression, character conversion, and graphics expansion.
> •
?? Redirector operates at this level.
>
?? Session Layer
> •
?? Allows two applications running on different computers to establish use and end
> a connection called a Session.
> •
?? Performs name recognition and security.
> •
?? Provides synchronization by placing checkpoints in the data stream.
> •
?? Implements dialog control between communicating processes.
>
?? Transport Layer
> •
?? Responsible for packet creation.
> •
?? Provides an additional connection level beneath the Session layer.
> •
?? Ensures that packets are delivered error free, in sequence with no losses or
> duplications.
> •
?? Unpacks, reassembles and sends receipt of messages at the receiving end.
> •
?? Provides flow control, error handling, and solves transmission problems.
>
?? Network Layer
> •
?? Responsible for addressing messages and translating logical addresses and names
> into physical addresses.
> •
?? Determines the route from the source to the destination computer.
> •
?? Manages traffic such as packet switching, routing and controlling the
> congestion of data.
>
?? Data Link Layer
> •
?? Sends data frames from the Network layer to the Physical layer.
> •
?? Packages raw bits into frames for the Network layer at the receiving end.
> •
?? Responsible for providing error free transmission of frames through the
> Physical layer.
>
?? Physical Layer
> •
?? Transmits the unstructured raw bit stream over a physical medium.
> •
?? Relates the electrical, optical mechanical and functional interfaces to the
> cable.
> •
?? Defines how the cable is attached to the network adapter card.
> •
?? Defines data encoding and bit synchronization
>
??
?? Please give us some suggestions of  OSI Layer how to apply
>
> Here is a link
> bit.ly/HdnKXC

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